Ratchet-wrench.



Patented Nov. 25, |902.

|=.v F. LANnls. RATCHET WRENCH.

(Apphcatxon led Feb 7 1902 mi 'nofws Enns CQ. PNoTaurnQ, wAsMlNGToN. D, c.

(Nn Model.)

ATENT IflFFICl-E.

FRANK F. LANDIS, OF WAYNESBORO, PENNSYLVANIA.

RATCH ET-WRENCH.

\ SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 714,586, dated, November 25, 1902.

Application filed February '7, 1902. SerialNo. 93,016. (No model.) i

tion, possessed of great power, and especially adapted for use in manipulating nuts difficult to reach with an ordinary wrench, such as the nuts on the shanks of the teeth of a threshing-machine cylinder, which are inside said cylinder and are manipulated with great difficulty and inconvenience Vwith an ordinary wrench.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which are made a part hereof and on which p similar reference characters indicate similar parts, Figure l is a View, partly in section and partly in sideA elevation, showing one of my improved wrenchesa portion of the stem being broken outto permit the parts to be shown on a larger scale andthe cap of the lower housing being removed toshow the interior construction more clearly; Fig. 2, a cross-section on the dotted line 2 2 in Fig. 1, the ratchet being shown in elevation; and

Fig. 3, a view looking downwardly from the dotted line 3 3 in Fig. l.

In said drawings the portion marked A represents the middle or main portion of theI stem; B, a housing on its outer end for sup-l porting the handle andoperating-lever; C, a housingI on its other endlcontaining the F the operating-lever.

The part Ais a tube of whatever length de` sired to make the tool of the proper length for the work for which it is designed. It may be any character of Atube suitable for the purpose, such as ordinary gas or water pipe. The housing B is attached to the outer end of said tube or stem by any suitable means, such as being split on one sideand having ears b for a clamping-bolt. On one side is formed a handle Bprojecting at right angles thereto, being preferably hollow, with a wrench-spool, D, said spool; E, the pawl, andv `and'engage under said teeth.

plug b in its outer end. A bow-shaped brace B2 projects from its outer end,extending from one side to the other of said housing and preferably cast in piece therewith. The.

housing C is also a hollow casting attached to the other end of the tube A by a screwthreaded or any other suitable connection. It is lof appropriate form and has one side open and provided with a cap C', secured thereto by bolts extending through ears formed on the respective parts, as shown; An opening is formed in said cap and the center of the opposite wall of the housing, forming bearings for the ends of the wrenchspool, flanges c and c being formed around these openings, respectively, to afford better bearing-surfaces for the journals of the spool.

The wrench-spool D has a central opening which is of an Octagon shape and allows spool D to be in position to pass over the nut at any of the eight points or every forty-live degrees of the revolution of the spool D. This form of openin g in said spool gives double the number of` surfaces which can be brought into use on a square nut, and the wrench will wear twice as long as one with only four corners. This form of opening will also make it much less tedious to place the spool over a nut when at a difficult place vto operate such nut. Around the outside of said spool and at its center is `formed the circular ratchet d. On each side of said ratchet are formed the journals d', which are mounted in the bearings c and c' of the housing C. A spring--pawl a is pivoted inside the housing C and normally held bythe spring of into engagement with the ratchet and holds the spool against backward lnovement.

The pawl Eis of a hook form, adapted to slide over the backs of the teeth of the ratchet Y It is i formed on the end of a rod of a length to extend back to near the outer end of the housing B, where it is pivotallyconnected to leverl F. Adjacent to the hollow handle B it is provided 'with a transverse projection e, which extends into said handle somewhat a andfurnishes a yielding bearing for one end ofacoiled spring S, the other end of which bears against the plug h', or the said projection c forms a yielding bearing between the inner end of spring S andthe side of the shank `of the pawl E.

IOO

The tension of the spring S in handle Bbeing thus against the pawl E at a point near v the pivot b2 ata point adjacent to the handle B. Between the sides of brace B2 it is pivoted to the end of the shank of pawlE on the pivot f. The outer end or loopof said brace serves as a stop to limit the motion of said pawl and lever, being arranged to stop the 1 motion before the pawl shall pass back of the point where it will havea secure engagement with the tooth of the ratchet, and thus avoid danger of breaking the parts.

The center of the spool `D being to one side of the body on connection A, between the operating end of the complete wrench and the spool D, is of very great advantage in a wrench of this class, asthe nuts in threshingmachine cylinders are always placed in rows parallel with the axis of the cylinder, and in order to place the spool D over the nuts to be tightened the body A of the wrench must be parallel with the diiferent rows, while the center of the spool D must be around the nut or yon the center of the rows of nuts. A wrench of this character, having the center of body A in line with the center of spool D, would be of little or no value for the work for which this wrench is particularly intended, the nuts being in rows in the direction that you must enter the Wrench the bolts and nuts in advance of the one operated on would always interfere with the body of the wrench unless lthe spool D would be of sucient length to project beyond they side of the housing C to raise the body above the'ends of the bolts which receive the nuts. Such a construction would require too much length of the spool D to admit it being used in many places where a wrench is necessary.

lIn use in putting on nuts, the wrench is placed over the nut, the operator holds the tool in one hand by the handle B and with the other hand manipulates the lever F until f the nut is driven up as tightly as desired.

In removing them the wrench is simply turned over and its other side engaged, when the manipulation of the lever will rapidly draw off said nut. Any back motion of the spool is prevented by the pawl a. By means of such a tool the operator can stand at one end of a threshing-machine cylinder and put in place yor remove every nut belonging therein rapidly and conveniently, and by reason of the great power afforded can with ease secure the nuts more tightly than it has been possible to do with the old form of wrenches and remove nuts easily and quickly which have heretofore required much time and annoyance to remove `with hammer and cold-chisel.

While I regard this invention as of particular value for the use indicated, there are of course manyother places where it can be used to great advantage not necessary to enumerate.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A ratchet-wrench comprisingv a hollow stem or body, a wrench-spool jonrnaled in one end thereof and having a ratchet-face, a pawl-adapted to .engage with said ratchet and having a shank extending through said hollow body to its other end, and a lever pivoted at one end to one side of said body and extending across its end and pivotally attached to said shank, substantially as set forth.

.-2. In a ratchet-wrench, the combination, of the hollow body, the wrench-spool journaled in one end thereof and provided with a circular ratchet, a pawl for engaging said ratchet having a shank which extends through said hollow body to its other end, a lever pivoted to said body and to the end of said shank, a transversely-extending handle, and a spring mounted therein and bearing against said shank to hold the pawl normally in engagement with said ratchet, substantially as set forth.

3. In a ratchet-wrench, the combination, of the hollow body, the wrench-spool journaled in one end thereof, a spring-pawl for holding said spool against back motion, an operatingpawl engaging with the ratchet onl said spool and having a shank pivoted to an operatinglever, said lever pivoted to one side of said body, and a stop to limit the outward motion of said lever and pawl, substantially as set forth. i

4. In a ratchet-wrench, the combination of the hollow body composed of the central part A of the stem, the housing B on its outer end for supporting the handle and operating-lever and the housing C on the other end for containing the wrench-spool, the wrench-spool mounted in appropriate bearings in part C, the pawl E adapted to engagea ratchet on said spool, the part B being provided with an appropriate handle and a brace B2, and the lever F pivoted to one side of said brace and attached to the shank of said pawl within said brace, substantially as set forth.

5. In a ratchet-wrench, the combination, of the body, the wrench-spool j ournaled in one end thereof, a ratchet on said spool, a pawl adapted to reciprocate in said handle and to engage said ratchet, and a lever for operating said pawl.

6. A ratchet-wrench formed with a hollow stem having a housing for the wrench-spool on one end thereof, its center being set 0E to one side of the center of said stem, the wrenchspool with ratchet thereon journaled in bear- IOO IIO

spool, said spool being formed to engage the sides of the Wrench the nut may be driven in either direction, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal, at Waynesboro, Pennsylvania, this 16th day of January, A. D. 1902.

FRANK F. LANDIS. [L. S.]

Witnesses:

MARK H. LANDIs, ALF. N. RUSSELL.

nuts from either side, whereby by reversing 

